Abstract

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Volume 17 Issue 2, Pages 59–67 (2009)
doi: 10.1255/jnirs.829

Rapid detection of melamine in milk powder by near infrared spectroscopy

Chenghui Lu,^a Bingren Xiang,^a,* Gang Hao,^b Jianping Xu,^c Zhengwu Wang^d and Changyun Chen^e
aCenter for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China. E-mail: cpuxiang@yahoo.com (B.R. Xiang), lu_chenghui@hotmail.com (C.H. Lu)
^bLaboratory of Metabolomics, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
^cZhongjian Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, PR China
^dBor Luh Food Safety Center, College of Agriculture Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
^eDepartment of Chemistry, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, PR China

This paper establishes a novel and rapid method for detecting pure melamine in milk powder using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy based on least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM). Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used for the extraction of principal components (PCs). The scores of the first two PCs have been applied as inputs to LS-SVM. Compared to PLS-DA, the performance of LS-SVM was better, with higher classification accuracy, both 100% for the training and testing set. The detection limit was lower than 1 ppm. Based on the results, it was concluded that NIR spectroscopy combined with LS-SVM could be used as a rapid and accurate method for detecting pure melamine in milk powder.

Keywords: near infrared spectroscopy, least squares-support vector machine, melamine, milk powder

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